What distinguishes the Turkish made rugs vs. the Chinese/ Indian/Pakistan copies? Certainly the weaving is not high tech. and could easily be copied. The designs are what they are. That leaves the materials and their quality (wool, dyes).
The Turkish rugs I have seen tend to have a more tribal look with lower knot count, bolder colors and average wool quality.
I own some very fine quality Pakistan and Indian pieces (along with some antique silk Iranian rugs) with Australian wool, silk, high knot counts and intricate designs. I have also seen some very average or poor quality goods from those same countries. I would suggest that quality is not guaranteed based on country of origin, but rather on other factors. As you indicate, know the characteristics that define quality, and know your supplier.

Larry